Wednesday, 24 July 2013

Fathermen: An Open Anthropological Platform

An article I recently wrote about Fathermen for Starbroek News of Guyana


Fathermen: An Open Anthropological Platform


Adom Philogene Heron is a doctoral candidate in Social Anthropology and associate of the Centre for Caribbean, Latin American and Amerindian Studies (CAS) at the University of St. Andrews, Scotland. He is editor and author of a blog called ‘Fathermen’, the outgoing sibling of a PhD project he is currently undertaking on fatherhood and men’s experiences of family life in Dominica, Eastern Caribbean. The blog seeks to render accessible the themes of his research to a broad audience and open up a public conversation on fatherhood, masculinities and family amongst Caribbean peoples.
in the diaspora
The work of socio-cultural anthropology is to document, elucidate and communicate understandings of human social and cultural experience. Given this almost infinitesimally broad remit – to study any and all things human – anthropologists tend to focus on the particular. Thus, the minutiae and details of particular social phenomena, cultural contexts, geographic locales, and individual lives constitute the bread and butter of the discipline.
Yet with this penchant for the particular comes a preoccupation with the peculiar, the bizarre and the esoteric. Whilst not inherently problematic – anthropologists have produced a great number of fascinating and important studies drawing attention to marginalised forms of social experience – this preoccupation too often results in our conversations becoming somewhat insular. Aside from fieldwork our discussions are usually confined to seminar rooms, lecture theatres and museums, and occur amongst other academics (area specialists, fellow anthropologists or social scientists). By and large those with the biggest stake in our work are excluded from the conversations we engage in. Our ‘informants’, the people whose voices and life-ways we profess to represent are often forgotten, as if they couldn’t possibly understand our ‘heighty-tighty’ (to use a Dominican term for uppity) analyses of their lives.
However, in recent years there has been a concerted effort to ‘open up’ anthropology, by incorporating subjects’ voices into ethnographic accounts and displacing the traditional anthropological gaze through ‘native anthropology’/’anthropology at home’. At the level of publishing we have witnessed a move towards internet based discussion networks, open source journals and blogging.
The Fathermen blog falls firmly within this unfolding vision of an open anthropology. Launched in January 2012, Fathermen is the extroverted twin of an ethnographic research project I am currently undertaking on fatherhood and men in Dominican family life. Although my work focuses specifically on Dominica, I believe that the themes, social patterns and experiences I encounter in my fieldwork ‘speak to’ Caribbean realities throughout the region and beyond. As such the blog’s scope is broad: I post commentaries, videos, personal memoirs, essays, radio shows, short stories, photographs and poetry on all things associated with men and family life. Examples include a recent post entitled ‘The Plight of the ‘Paro’’, a short commentary on homelessness in Roseau; some images from a Fathers Day photography exhibition that I organized entitled ‘Look a Fada!’; and a critical analysis of UNWomen’s ‘Yes We Care’ TV advertisements in Trinidad and Tobago.
At present Fathermen functions not so much to inform others of research conclusions as to share emerging fieldwork meditations, half formed ideas I am in the process of trying to make sense of. Currently I am in the middle of research, dwelling in Dominica for approximately 18 months and as such I am yet to draw any firm analytic conclusions (even if provisional patterns are starting to gradually present themselves). Therefore, (for now) the fundamental goal of Fathermen is to open-up debate and contribute to an already growing public conversation on Caribbean men’s roles, practices and experiences vis families in the 21st century Caribbean world. The posts I have contributed thus far represent a series of fieldwork reflections in response to encounters I have had, newspaper articles read, events attended, incidents observed, videos I have seen, and discussions shared. I cross-post Fathermen entries on Facebook, through Diasporic social networking sites such as Dominicadiaspora.com (DD) and on occasion I submit them to Dominica News Online (DNO), an internet based newspaper. Dominica has a deeply engaged internet public, both domestic and overseas, who candidly comment on anything posted on either DD or DNO; therefore these sites provide good virtual spaces of critique, commendation and exchange of ideas.
My hope is that all Caribbean peoples can claim a stake in this little blog, hence as wide an audience as possible should be able to contribute to its polyvocal making. After all, every one of us has a father in some shape or form. If not an accessible physical father, then an idea, an ideal image of what a father is or should be; a mother who metaphorically fathers; a ‘sperm donor’; a psychic figurative space where we would want a father to be or he once was; a grandfather, a godfather, a step-father; an all mighty Father! From plantation to present the figure of the father has been itinerant and amorphous. Whilst many Caribbean peoples speak of fatherhood’s generic profile in various modes of absentia, most will readily admit that no singular typology of Caribbean fatherhood exists. In a sense then, the very idea of the father in the Antilles, reflects the existential landscape of Caribbeanness –  ‘an open frontier’ of evolving plurality, hybridity and differentiation, as recently deceased Haitian scholar Michel- Rolph Trouillot has astutely pointed out.  The point I am making (in a round-about way) is that the subject matter of the blog matters in an everyday sense to the region. Hence I invite any and all to participate in it – as contributors, commentators (in comments boxes) and critical readers.
American anthropologist Marshall Sahlins notes that,
“Kinsmen are people who live each other’s lives and die each other’s deaths. To the extent that they lead common lives, they partake in each other’s sufferings and joys, sharing one another’s experiences as they take responsibility for and feel each other’s acts.”
The story of Fathermen, or better the research project preceding and underpinning it, begins in the vast and dispersed world of kinship I inhabit. That is, it begins in diasporic imaginings cast across a vast transatlantic field of familial intimacy and separation. These imaginings connect Bristol, the English port city of my birth, a slave-trading capital built on the profits of British sugar, tobacco and cocoa, where my arrivant maternal grandparents set up new lives, raised 5 children and found work at Wills Tobacco and Fry’s Cadbury Chocolate factories respectively; with Dominica, the rugged verdant island home from whence they departed in 1956, leaving behind the familiar rhythms of daily life, friends and family (including several ‘outside children’). My grandfather Peter Mendes Philogene retired and returned to the small fishing village of his birth in Dominica, some 29 years after leaving. My grandmother, Alaskar Philogene – despite speaking daily of somewhere else called ‘home’ – was never to return to Dominica in all her 41 years of life in Bristol.
On the 19th of December 2010, several months after I had moved home to Bristol following my undergraduate studies, I received a message from my cousin (also grandson of Mendes and Alaskar) telling me of the arrival of his son into the world and asking me if I would be consider becoming the godfather. I said yes without hesitation. Since my graduation three months earlier I had been contemplating the idea of further study. This news of my new role in the new life of my cousin’s progeny, and more importantly what I observed of my cousin’s attentive and committed fatherhood, prompted me to begin meditating on what it means to be and become a father. And with such meditations this enquiry came into being.
On the 24th of March 2012, 6 months after beginning to transform these thoughts into a PhD project, I received another message, this time from a cousin in Dominica. The message read that our grandfather, Mendes, now a returnee in Dominica from Bristol, was unwell. I messaged her back immediately telling her I had notified the family in the UK and that my mother would call her. She replied the following day after visiting our Grandfather,
“…. I did tell him that I communicated with your mom and he seemed extremely pleased – he was giving so many kisses – I think I got the kisses for all of you. This must mean something. I would attempt to call your mom from the hospital, but he won’t be able to respond so I am not sure whether this makes any sense.”
Peter Mendes Philogene – great-grandfather of my godson, grandfather of my cousins and me, and father of my mother, uncle and aunts – passed away at 1:15am on the 25th March 2012. Sadly my studies prohibited me from attending the funeral. I would arrive in Dominica to begin my fieldwork some months later on the 2nd October 2012 – this being only my second visit to the island, my first visit and only meeting with my grandfather coming as a small child in 1987. Upon first returning to my grandfather’s village in the second week of October last year, an aunt introduced me to my Grandfather’s best friend. Tears welled up in the eyes of the tall broad framed old man as he studied my face and gently gripped my hand in an extended handshake. “I feel like I’ve arrived too late”, I told him. Gathering himself he looked back at me with a warm smile, then with a sudden tone of assurance he reminded me “nothing happens before its time”.
Locating its moment of departure between a birth and death, this personally motivated project is marked by the beginning and end of the life-course of the father. The birth of a first child signifies the coming of fatherhood and the death of a grand-, or indeed great-grandfather signifies its closure.
Both Fathermen and the ethnographic enquiry from which it derives are dedicated to the memory of my Grandfather Mendes and the life of Milan.
A Call to Contribute:
I am of the belief that all of us possess anthropological faculties. In other words, we all have the capacity to reflect upon, enquire about and ask questions of the social worlds that surround us. Therefore, I invite readers to make a submission Fathermen. My modest hope is that many of the readers of this column will share it widely and take up this invite. A submission can take the form of a descriptive personal narrative/memoir/history of a father, uncle, godfather, big brother, grandfather …etc during your childhood, his old age, or his passing; a poem; a short story; a commentary;  old photographs with captions etc… or any other suggestions.
For more information on Fathermen submissions or any of themes discussed please email Adom at: aph7@st-andrews.ac.uk
To visit the blog, see: http://fathermen.blogspot.co.uk/

Tuesday, 16 July 2013

Dominica Journals


Here's a re-post of a video - short documentary portrait, a snapshot of the everyday life of a Fern carver, husband and father in Dominica's Kalinago territory - that I posted on fathermen some months back (Nom Figwe: A brief portrait of a Kalinago Fern tree Carver in Dominica)

I have chosen to re-post the video in light of my recent (yet late) discovery of an excellent magazine entitled Dominica Journals, edited by Paul Crask, one of the producers of the Nom Figwe video. The first edition (embedded below) features an article, also entitled Nom Figwe, which offers the reader a descriptive contextual framing of the original video and tells us about the life of its protagonists.

The magazine is of particular interest to me as an anthropologist because its content is deeply ethnographic in its richness of narrative detail and attention to the nuances of everyday lived experience on the island.

I commend Mr Crask for this fantastically produced yet under-recognized publication whilst my excitement and anticipation builds for the second edition.

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Paul Crask is a travel writer, photographer and freelance journalist. For more on his work please visit his website:




Friday, 12 July 2013

[another belated Father's Day post] .A Father’s Day 2013 Exhibition (16.6.13)

[here is the exhibition outline for a small Father's Day exhibition we held in Newtown Dominica]


Look a Fada!’

A Father’s Day 2013 Exhibition (16.6.13)
In Association withChildFund Caribbean and CariMAN Dominica




All Photos taken by
Adom Philogene Heron and Dr Ramona Biholar

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This exhibition aims to highlight the increasingly visible public presence of fathering in Dominica.

It documents and celebrates the seemingly mundane everyday activities that fathers engage in with their children: such as walking through their village on the way to school, spending time with them on the weekend or going to a special event or celebration with one’s children (such as African Liberation day or Jazz and Creole).

Fathering is in a state of transformation in Dominica and across the Antilles. Fatherly care, intimacy and closeness to one’s child are becoming increasingly valued by men in the region and many men draw great pride from being seen in public holding their infants or just spending time with their offspring. Whilst concerns about absence and irresponsibility persist in Dominica and the wider region, many men continue to work silently to support, guide and care for their children, in positive alliance with their children’s mothers. Today we salute such fathers. Today is your day.
On behalf of CariMAN Dominica and ChildFund Caribbean,


“Happy Fathers Day”

[a Sample of the Photographs]













Thursday, 11 July 2013

A Belated Father's Day Post





[Apologies for the lateness of this one. I am currently back in the UK for a short while and as such I'm taking the opportunity to catch up on some writing and attend to unfinished posts. Here's a delayed Father's day post] 



'Look a Fada'

Fathers Day 2013 in Dominica

@Harlem Plaza, Newtown, Roseau (16.6.13)

Harlem Plaza


Sunday was Father's Day 2013, and in the little south western corner of Dominica where I spend most of my days – between Loubiere and Newtown – there was an atmosphere of holiday.

From the moment I woke, I heard men outside my gate being greeted by villagers with a customary "good morning", followed by an extra special, "happy father’s day", as they ambled along to church in their Sunday finery.

Later in the day, during the normal lunchtime lull in village activity I noticed carloads of families moving up and down the road, presumably off to visit friends and kin, to bathe and relax by a river, or go to the beach as people like to do on any public holiday (if of course they can mobilize the funds).

I was headed to The Harlem Plaza (an outdoor concert venue) in Newtown, where there was to be a father’s day event organized by Norris Prevost (a United Workers Party parliamentary rep) and The Roseau Improvement Committee, in partnership with CariMAN Dominica. The event featured lunch, dominoes, musical performances (by local singers, Bouyon artists and calypsonians), along with the ceremonial giving of hampers to three ‘exemplary fathers’ who had been nominated by CariMAN members. The event also featured a photography exhibition called ‘Look A Fada’ put on by me and Dr Ramona Biholar (a UWI researcher on gender policy in Dominica), in association with ChildFund Caribbean and CariMAN Dominica (see bottom of post for details).


The event was well attended, with fathers coming from the Newtown community and across the country. Yet, whilst many reflected that father’s day is not observed with the same enthusiasm as mother’s day – the Harlem plaza had held a similar event for mother’s a month or so earlier, which I’m told drew greater numbers – the event was still a success given that this is was the first time such as function had been held in a long time (Mr Prevost told me he had attempted to host a similar such event 15years earlier but attendance was poor).

Whilst motherhood has a long history of public recognition in Dominica - understood to represent a  sacred and self sacrificial commitment to children, fatherhood by contrast is understood to be something optative (a choice) and more of an emergent idea. Although fathers have always existed in Dominica, fatherhood - as a mode of everyday male being that orients men towards their children - has only recently developed conceptually in Dominica as something men can publicly claim, celebrate and draw recognition for. Thus father's day 2013 offered a day for men to make the most of their new-found public personae - giving gifts to committed fathers, speeches on responsible fathering, and of course lime - enjoy the conviviality of drinking, eating, chatting koshoneey ('chatting shit') and playing dominoes amongst friends. 

Yet, interestingly only a minority of fathers present at the event came with their children. Father's day offered more of an opportunity for the men present to spend time with their 'padnas' ( friends) and 'free up' amongst other fadas, to relax and enjoy their day. Many of the men will have spent the morning with their children - if not co-resident with them then paying them a visit or receiving a visit from them. Hence, the fathering part of the day was done for most men present and the afternoon event was for them and their peers to free up. 

Leaving the event around 6pm I cycled through Newtown on the way to my Auntie's house. There was a festive ambiance in the air: music playing, men 'pulled up' (stood around chatting) in the street, laughing, joking, drinking. As I was passing by Mr Havre's shop, where fellas usually sit outside drinking and chatting, a padna (partner, acquaintance) from football called me over. As we stood and exchanged chit-chat fellas around us pulling up on scooters or passing in buses were shouting 'happy fadas day' to one another. "How many chil'ren you have?" one padna called to another, "two wii!" he replied proudly. 

At first I found it curious that fatherhood, was being celebrated without a child in sight. I then remembered a comment my cousin had made earlier that day: 'Father's Day? That's new, Dominicans will find any excuse for a lime' (an impromptu celebration). I came to the realization that it was not so much 'fathering' in any practical sense that was being celebrated, but rather the status of simply being a father, the idea of the father. Ironically, the turn towards fatherhood, specifically the idea of 'responsible fatherhood' - by organisations like CariMAN, Dominica Planned Parenthood, The Roseau Improvement Committee and others - that are trying to promote fathers day in an attempt to bring men 'in', from the road and life amongst peers, to home and family life - was being subverted by men who were simply celebrating their day - rum and all! 


Fathermen